V1-1

1. Essence n. /ˈɛsəns/

  • Phrase
    • Essence from herbs 植物精华
    • in essence = basically
    • of the essence = important
  • Example
    • Existence precedes essence 存在先于本质 （existentialism n. 存在主义）
  • Derivative
    • Essential adj.
    • Essentially, you are a busy-body. 本质上来说，你是个爱管闲事的人

2. Pastel adj./n. /pæˈstɛl/

  • Synonym
    • Dull, faded, light, pale, washed-out
  • Antonym
    • Dark, Deep, Gay, rich

3. Cultivate v. /ˈkʌltəˌveɪt/

  • Synonym
    • Plant 栽培，培养
  • Example
    • Cultivate your endurance 培养耐力
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -cult 邪教 （Religion 宗教）
    • Hunter-gathered age -> agricultural age

4. Recover v. /rɪˈkʌvər/

  • Synonym
    • Get well
    • Rebound 回升
    • Regain
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -re
      • 重复
        • Repeat
        • Redo
        • Remake
        • Restate 重述
        • Review
        • Reunion
      • 回
        • Return
        • Recall
        • Refund
  • Expansion
    • No discord, no concord. 没有不和谐，没有和谐。（不打不相识）

5. Substitute v./n. /ˈsʌbstəˌtut/

  • Synonym
    • Replacement
    • Replace
  • Phrase
    • Substitute for
  • Example
    • If you don’t read books, a good substitute for them is to read quote.
  • Derivative
    • Substitution
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -sub 在下
      • Submarine 潜水艇 (marine corps 海军)
      • Subject 使臣服
    • -ject 投掷
      • Reject 拒绝
    • -stit (stand) 站

6. Renaissance n. /ˌrɛnəˈsɑns/

  • Roots and Affixes
    • -re
    • -naiss (nasc… )
      • Nascent sun 初升太阳
      • Nascent baby 新生儿

7. Sweat v. /swɛt/

  • Phrase
    • Sweaty pants
    • Palm is sweaty
  • Example
    • Don’t sweat over small stuff. 不要太在意小事
  • Derivative
    • SweatShop 血汗工厂

8. Underscore v. /ˌʌndərˈskɔr/

  • Example
    • This day underscores the 60th anniversary of Martion Luther King’s last drop of…
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -under 在..下
    • -score 标记

9. Conform v. /kənˈfɔrm/

  • Phrase
    • conform to sth 符合，遵守
  • Example
    • He never conforms to old tradition. = He breaks free from… 脱离、摆脱 (shackle 手铐、chain 链子)
  • Derivative
    • Conformism vs. Individualism
    • Conformity (-ity …性)
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -con 全
      • Congress 国会
    • -gress 走
    • -pro 向前
      • Progress
    • -pre 在前
    • -form 表单、形状
  • Expansion
    • Senate: 100 senators
    • House: 435 congresspersons

10. Husk n. /hʌsk/

  • Example
    • How can we remove the husk of grains? 如何去除谷物外壳
  • Expansion
    • Siberian Husky
    • Green Hulk

11. Tide v./n. /taɪd/

  • Phrase
    • Tidal waves 涨潮
  • Example
    • High tide will erase will my footprints. (Sand and Foam)

V1-2

12. Decade n. /dɛˈkeɪd/

  • -dec 十
    • Decimate 毁灭、屠杀
  • -score 二十
    • Four scores and seven year ago 八十七年前
  • -dozen 十二，打
  • -cent 百
    • Century
  • -mill 千
    • Millenium 一千年

13. Pluralism n. /ˈplʊrəˌlɪzəm/

  • Derivative
    • pl. Plura 复数的
    • Cultural pluralism 多元文化

14. Vagrant n. /ˈveɪɡrənt/

  • Synonym
    • Stray 流浪
  • Example
    • Little vagrants of the world 世界上的小小流浪者
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -vag 漫游
      • vagabond 乞丐

15. incline v. /ɪnˈklaɪn/

  • Derivative
    • Inclination 倾向
  • Example
    • He has an inclination for violence.
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -clin 倾斜
      • decline 下降 -de 向下
        • The Economy declined during the financial crisis.
      • Recline 向后倾

16. Grievous adj. /ˈɡrivəs/

  • Derivative
    • Grief 悲伤
    • sb is in grief
  • Example
    • Do not stand at my grave and weep.

17. Saucy adj. /ˈsɔsi/

  • Synonym
    • cheeky 放肆的，无力的
    • pretty, interesting 俏皮
  • Derivative
    • Sauce 调味汁
  • Example
    • Her cap sat at saucy angle on her balck hair. 她帽子戴的很俏皮

18. Disproportionate adj. /ˌdɪsprəˈpɔrʃənɪt/

  • Derivative
    • Proportion
    • In proportion to sth 成正比..
  • Example
    • He wage is in disproportion to his effort.
  • Roots and Affixes
    • -portion 份，比例
      • a portion of food
    • -dis

19. Withhold v. /wɪθˈhoʊld/

  • Synonmy
    • hold back, fight back
  • Phrase
    • Withhold from…
  • Example
    • I cannot withhold my tears.
    • They neither give nor withhold from their excess.
      他们既不捐献也不吝啬他们多余的东西。
    • You may apply to EPD to withhold some data from release to the public.
      你亦可向环境保护署申请把部分资料保密, 不予公开。
  • Expansion
    • Tooth decay 蛀牙

20. Nosy adj. /ˈnoʊzi/

  • Derivative
    • nose
    • Nosy-body = busy-body

21. Stumble v. /ˈstʌmbəl/

  • Phrase
    • Stumble upon a stone 被石头绊倒
    • Stumble upon sth 偶遇
  • Example
    • The stock price stumbled at 2:30 pm. 下跌

22. Imaginative

  • Synonmy

    • visionary

  • Derivative

    • Imagine
    • Imagination

  • Example

    • Imagination is more important than knowledge; knowledge is limited, but imagination encompasses(包含) all. – Albert Einstein